As we step into early February 2025, Canadian mortgage rates are showing a gentle decline. Yet, it's important to note that the recently proposed tariffs imposed by the United States, along with Canada's responses, have introduced some unpredictability into bond yields, which directly influence fixed mortgage rates.
Key Elements Affecting Mortgage Rates:
U.S.-Canada Trade Relations
The newly threatened tariffs are likely to heighten inflation, although a 30-day grace period is temporarily stalling their complete economic effects. Should the trade conflict persist, we might see slower economic growth, which could lead to lower interest rates. However, an uptick in inflation could result in rising bond yields and, consequently, higher fixed mortgage rates.
Inflation Concerns
The Bank of Canada (BoC) aims for core inflation around 2%, but there are projections indicating that it may breach 3% in 2025 if tariffs are fully enacted. Persistent high inflation might prompt the BoC to postpone any rate reductions or even contemplate rate increases in the future.
Recession Worries
There is a consensus among some economists that Canada might face a recession within the next 6 to 12 months if trade restrictions begin to dampen business confidence and investments. In such a scenario, the BoC would likely take aggressive steps to lower rates, which would lead to reduced variable mortgage rates.
Global Interest Rate Dynamics
The actions of the U.S. Federal Reserve concerning inflation will also significantly affect Canadian mortgage rates. If U.S. bond yields rise, it is likely that Canadian yields will follow suit, potentially raising the costs associated with fixed-rate mortgages.
By staying informed about these factors, homebuyers and current homeowners can better navigate the mortgage landscape in these fluctuating times.
Fixed vs. Variable: Making the Right Choice in Today’s Market
When deciding between fixed and variable rates in the current financial landscape, it's important to assess the risks involved carefully.
Fixed-Rate Mortgages: Consistency with a Price
Advantages:
- Predictability: Your interest rate and monthly payments remain unchanged throughout the mortgage term, offering a sense of security.
- Shield from Increasing Rates: Should inflation push bond yields higher, your rate stays locked in, protecting you from sudden increases.
Disadvantages:
- Higher Initial Rates: Typically, fixed rates are higher than variable rates at the outset, which could mean higher upfront costs.
- Costly to Terminate: If market rates decrease significantly, breaking away from a fixed mortgage can lead to substantial penalties.
Best Suited For:
- Those who prefer a stable payment structure and are risk-averse
- Homeowners with fixed budgets who cannot handle variations in payment amounts
Variable-Rate Mortgages: Opportunities for Savings with Increased Risk
Advantages:
- Lower Initial Rates: Historically, variable rates have offered lower starting rates than fixed options.
- Flexibility: Generally, penalties for breaking or refinancing a variable mortgage are lower, providing more options if your circumstances change.
Disadvantages:
- Risk of Rate Fluctuation: In times of rising inflation, the Bank of Canada (BoC) might delay rate cuts or even increase rates, which could lead to higher payments.
- Uncertainty: The unpredictable nature of the economy can make it difficult to estimate long-term costs reliably.
Best Suited For:
- Borrowers who have the financial ability to absorb potential interest rate increases
- Investors ready to take on some risk for the possibility of savings
Key Insights & Recommendations
Short-Term Perspective (Next 6 Months):
- If trade tensions persist and recession concerns grow, variable rates might experience a slight decrease.
- Fixed rates could exhibit volatility, influenced by responses in the bond market.
Medium-Term Perspective (12-18 Months):
- Should inflation become a more pressing issue, fixed rates may increase, making it advantageous to lock in a rate now.
- Conversely, if economic conditions deteriorate, the BoC could hasten rate cuts, favoring those with variable mortgages.
Choosing Your Mortgage
- Prioritize Stability and Minimize Uncertainty → Opt for Fixed.
- Expect Rates to Fall and Can Handle Variability → Consider Variable.
- Unsure of Your Choice → Explore a Hybrid (Split) Mortgage.
A hybrid mortgage allows you to balance your loan between fixed and variable rates, managing risk while taking advantage of potential rate decreases.
Final Thought: Stay Adaptable & Keep an Eye on the Market
The mortgage market is constantly changing, and what seems like the best option today may not hold true six months down the line. Regardless of whether you choose fixed or variable, staying informed and collaborating with a skilled mortgage professional is crucial.
With the right approach, you can navigate the uncertainties of interest rates and secure a mortgage that aligns with your financial objectives.